International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (IJASRE), ISSN:2454-8006, DOI: 10.31695/IJASRE

Biogas Potential of Wastewater Sludge from a Palm Oil Refinery Plant

Pierre Ntakiyiruta — 2024-10-14

An agri-food company specializing in the processing of crude palm oil into refined oil generates physico-chemical and biological sludge from its SN Cie-coded wastewater treatment plant. This sludge is therefore a management issue. The aim of this study is to valorize the sludge from a wastewater treatment plant located in an industrial zone in Vridi/Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) into biogas. The physico-chemical characteristics of the sludge and its methanogenic potential were assessed, followed by optimization of biogas production. These results revealed that the biological sludge (73.08% MS) contained more organic matter than the physico-chemical sludge (55.55% MS). The relatively average organic matter content of the physico-chemical sludge necessitated the use of cow dung as an inoculum to enhance biogas production. Biodegradability tests carried out with different ratios of Substrate/Inoculum led to the conclusion that the presence of a significant quantity of microorganisms is necessary for optimum biogas production. As a result, 6510mL of biogas were produced from the SN Cie wastewater treatment plant's biological sludge, with a methane composition of 71.33%, which is required for power generation.

Big Data in Industry 4.0 and 5.0 for Operational Efficiency and Decision-Making

Dila Ram Bhandari — 2024-10-14

Today's smart manufacturing is influenced by two distinct paradigms: Industry 4.0 heralds the shift toward process automation and digitization while Human centricity is emphasized in Industry 5.0. The entrance of Industry 4.0 has revolutionized the manufacturing and industrial sectors by integrating AI tools and data-driven approaches. A pivotal element of the transformation is the utilization of Big Data, which significantly enhances operational efficiency and decision-making processes. This paper explores the impact of Big Data on Industry 4.0, focusing on how it drives improvements in operational efficiency and supports informed decision-making. Through analysis of experience and current applications, the study demonstrates how Big Data analytics facilitates predictive maintenance, optimizes production processes, and enables real-time monitoring of systems. The findings highlight that leveraging large datasets allows for more precise forecasting, reduced downtime, and enhanced resource management. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges associated with Big Data integration, including data security, privacy concerns, and the need for AI analytical skills. By providing a nuanced understanding of these dynamics, the paper offers valuable insights for industries aiming to harness the full potential of Big Data within the Industry 4.0 framework.

Improving Decision-Making Capabilities in a Complex Air Combat Environment

Gusti Made Yoga Ambarawa — 2024-10-14

This study aims to improve the decision-making ability of Indonesian Air Force pilots in a complex air combat environment by establishing a special school for pilots. The study results indicate that establishing an air combat school is very important to overcome the challenges of rapid decision-making in dynamic and uncertain situations. In addition, realistic exercises, such as Mission-Oriented Training (MOT) and Composite Air Operations (COMAO), play an important role in improving the combat readiness of pilots. This school is also expected to function as a center for developing air combat tactics and strategies and providing comprehensive training for all Indonesian Air Force pilots. With the establishment of this school, synergy will be created between various air power units to strengthen the combat capability of the Indonesian Air Force in maintaining Indonesia's air sovereignty. It is hoped that the Indonesian Air Force can immediately establish an air combat school that focuses on developing the operational capabilities of pilots through realistic exercises and international collaboration.

A Review of Sustainable Greywater Treatment Processes

Ahmed S. Al Chalabi — 2024-10-14

Greywater (GW) reuse is becoming a more well-liked method of water conservation worldwide as a result of the depletion of water resources and the rise in water demand. All wastewater produced by a household, excluding sewage, is referred to as GW. The makeup of GW is different, reflecting the residents' way of life and the chemicals they use in their homes. GW flow from a household typically makes up around 65% of the total wastewater flow. Approximately 50% of the total GW is further light greywater. As a result, GW offers a great deal of possibilities for treatment, recycling, and reuse. This paper provides an extensive literature analysis on the various properties of GW and the available treatment techniques. GW treatment technologies can be categorized as physical, chemical, biological, or as a combination of these systems. The analysis also shows that physical methods by themselves cannot provide a sufficient removal of organics, nutrients, and surfactants. Chemical approaches are successful in eliminating the suspended particles, surfactants, and organic compounds present in the low strength GW. The most practical and affordable method for recycling GW is thought to involve the use of an aerobic biological process in conjunction with physical filtering and disinfection. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) seems to be a particularly appealing option for communal urban housing structures.