Study of Turning process with Minimum Qquantity Lubrication (MQL) using Nano-cutting fluids

Abstract

The cutting fluid is important in any metal cutting operation, for chilling the cutting tool and the surface of the workpiece, by  lube the tool-workpiece interface and removing chips from the cutting zone. Freshly, many researchers have been  focusing on minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) among the many methods existing on the  application of the coolant as  it reduces the usage of coolant by jetting a mixture of compressed air and cutting fluid in an improved way instead of flood  cooling. The MQL method has been incontestable to be appropriate as it fulfills the requirement of ‘green’ machining. In the  current study, firstly, various lubrication methods were introduced which are used in machining processes, and then, basic  machining processes used in manufacturing industries in turning.   The comprehensive reappraisal of various nanofluids (NFs) used as lubricants by different researchers for machining process is  presented. Based on the  studies, it can be concluded that utilizing NFs as coolant and lubricant lead to lower tool temperature, tool wear, higher surface  quality, and less biology dangers. However, the high cost of nanoparticles, need for devices, agglomeration, and deposit are  still challenges for the NF applications in metalworking operations. At last, the article identifies the opportunities for using NFs as  lubricants in the future. It should be stated that this work offers a clear guideline for utilizing MQL and MQL-nanofluid  approaches in turning processes. This guideline shows the physical, tribological, and heat transfer mechanisms associated  with employing such cooling/lubrication approaches and their effects on different machining quality characteristics such as tool  wear, surface integrity, and cutting forces.