Design and Development of Hybrid Microgrid Control System for Renewable Energy Generation

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are widely acknowledged as the optimal substitutes for conventional energy outlets globally. Countries are endowed with diverse renewable resources, including solar, wind, biomass, hydro, and tidal energy. Despite this abundance, there exists a substantial disparity between the demand and supply of electrical energy, with numerous regions still facing insufficient access to power. The integration of various renewable energy sources in remote and isolated locations forms a Microgrid (MG), catering adequately to local energy requirements. These microgrids have the capability to function seamlessly alongside conventional grids. Hybrid MG system, incorporating Photovoltaic (PV) with battery storage and a Wind Turbine (WT), emerges as a practical solution for electrifying remote areas in islanded mode. The WT’s installed capacity is chosen to meet critical load requirements during periods of non-availability of renewable sources. The battery's capacity is selected to cover the transition period between renewable sources or as a backup source, ensuring cost-effectiveness over WTs. The application of Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) has demonstrated favorable outcomes compared to existing PSO algorithms, enhancing control efficiency. In a grid-connected MG system, the integration of distributed PV generation has notably improved the voltage profile, reducing overall losses. Consequently, the presented MG systems provide both technically and economically viable solutions for ensuring continuous electricity supply in isolated and grid-connected systems. This approach not only mitigates pollution but also allows for the possibility of capacity addition, fostering sustainable growth in these regions.

Keywords - Renewable Energy, Microgrid, Optimization, Grid Control, Power Generation, Power Distribution