A Review of Sustainable Greywater Treatment Processes

Abstract

Greywater (GW) reuse is becoming a more well-liked method of water conservation worldwide as a result of the depletion of water resources and the rise in water demand. All wastewater produced by a household, excluding sewage, is referred to as GW. The makeup of GW is different, reflecting the residents' way of life and the chemicals they use in their homes. GW flow from a household typically makes up around 65% of the total wastewater flow. Approximately 50% of the total GW is further light greywater. As a result, GW offers a great deal of possibilities for treatment, recycling, and reuse. This paper provides an extensive literature analysis on the various properties of GW and the available treatment techniques. GW treatment technologies can be categorized as physical, chemical, biological, or as a combination of these systems. The analysis also shows that physical methods by themselves cannot provide a sufficient removal of organics, nutrients, and surfactants. Chemical approaches are successful in eliminating the suspended particles, surfactants, and organic compounds present in the low strength GW. The most practical and affordable method for recycling GW is thought to involve the use of an aerobic biological process in conjunction with physical filtering and disinfection. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) seems to be a particularly appealing option for communal urban housing structures.