Determination and Implementation of the Shortest Path for Emergency Evacuation at the Bali Dwipa University Building: A Case Study

Abstract

This study applies the Floyd Warshall Algorithm to determine the shortest emergency evacuation route in the Bali Dwipa University building. An efficient and fast evacuation route is essential to ensure the safety of all building occupants. This study was conducted at Bali Dwipa University, Denpasar, Bali, to evaluate and map the building layout to the third floor as part of the evacuation system analysis. The research methodology involves collecting primary and secondary data and direct manual measurements in the field. The research stages begin with creating a building plan, which includes collecting information on the layout and existing evacuation procedures. Furthermore, using a precision measuring instrument, mapping the relationship between objects is carried out with manual measurements of the distance between rooms to determine the evacuation route to a safe point. The results of these measurements are analyzed to build a spatial structure by selecting the nodes and edges in the graph that represent the building. Then, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is implemented to find the shortest path from each room to the gathering point, located in the first floor's lower front yard. The study results indicate that applying the Floyd-Warshall algorithm effectively determines the shortest path from each node in the Bali Dwipa University building to the main evacuation point. By mapping the nodes from the 1st to the 3rd floor and measuring the distance between the nodes, this study produces a clearly defined optimal evacuation route. This study is expected to improve the efficiency of evacuation routes and the safety of occupants in emergencies.